"Hull-Spence Drive Theory - Performance" by Victoria Wolford

The Drive-Reduction Theory was developed by Clark Hull. This theory describes how motivation stems from "biological needs or drives." When Hull describes the "drive state," he is explaining the tension triggered by a person's physiological or biological needs. Example of different types of requirements is hunger, thirst, and warmth. During the research, Hull stated that different types of drives give rise to an individual's motivation. Then, he began studying ways to satisfy his biological needs to reduce tension. In conclusion, any behavior that reduces the drives will be repeated by all humans and animals. The reduction of the drive is as a positive reinforcement for the action that caused such drive reduction. (Sincero, 2012).

Sincero, S. M. (2012, July 10). Drive-Reduction Theory. Retrieved from https://explorable.com/drive-reduction-theory

"Caffeine addiction vs. withdrawal" by Victoria Wolford

Terms such as "caffeine addiction" or "caffeine dependence" are the words mostly use to describe this type of addiction. However, the name "caffeine withdrawal" is the more appropriate way of describing the addiction. This occurs when someone who routinely consumes caffeine comes to a complete stop. (Stöppler, 2018).

In reviewing 170 years of research and creating a total of 57 different studies, Johns Hopkins University stated that withdrawal symptoms could vary from mild mood changes to flu-like symptoms. Symptoms would normally begin 12 to 24 hours after the last consumption of caffeine. This would result in more severe types of symptoms after one to two days. The symptoms would last for about two to nine days. In conclusion, if people were to cut down on their consumption of caffeine, research shows to do it portions or at a slow pace. (Stöppler, 2018).

Stöppler, M. C. (2018, June 13). Caffeine Addiction: Can You Quit? by MedicineNet.com (W. Shiel Jr., Ed.). Retrieved from https://www.medicinenet.com/caffeine_addiction_can_you_quit/views.htm

Check out this link about ways to "beat your addictions!"
https://www.top10homeremedies.com/news-facts/10-effective-tips-beat-caffeine-addiction.html

"Self-control" by Victoria Wolford

"Self-control" is explained as the ability to regulate and change responses to avoid undesirable behaviors, to increase desirable behaviors, or to accomplish short term or long term goals. A person with "self-control" is someone who can control their reactions and responses to avoid temptations and achieve their goals. This is also described as someone being "determined" or someone having "willpower. "Self-control is an essential factor to a person's health and a person's well-being. Example of different types of goals is losing weight and exercising, not procrastinating, limited consumption of alcohol, or saving money. (Cherry, 2019).

Roy Baumeister, who is a psychologist and researcher, explained that the "lack of willpower" is not the only reason that some people can not accomplish individual goals. He states three essential aspects when someone is working towards their goals. Baumeister believes that people must have a "clear goal" in their mind. For example, if that person does not have a good idea about what they are trying to accomplish, it can lead that person to failure.  He also believes that people are more likely to achieve their goals if that person tracks their actions towards a specific goal. The achievement of the goal. Lastly, he believes in "willpower." This means he thinks people need to control their behaviors to achieve any goal. (Cherry, 2019).

Cherry, K. (2019, March 11). How to Improve Your Self-Control. Retrieved from https://www.verywellmind.com/psychology-of-self-control-4177125